Protecting women from tobacco

The Sixty-third World Health Assembly, which brought together Health Ministers and senior health officials from the World Health Organization (WHO) Member States, concluded business and closed Friday evening.
In observance of World No Tobacco Day 2010, the World Health Organization (WHO) is urging global action to protect women and girls against the sickness and suffering caused by tobacco use.
“The trends in some countries are extremely worrisome,” said WHO Director-General Dr Margaret Chan. “Tobacco use is neither liberating nor glamorous. It is addictive and deadly.”
This year’s campaign theme, Gender and tobacco with an emphasis on marketing to women, focuses on the harmful effects of tobacco marketing towards women and girls. It also highlights the need for governments to ban all tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship and to eliminate tobacco smoke in all public and work places as provided in the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control.
Although many more men use tobacco than women (women make up only about 20% of the world’s smokers), there is evidence that the epidemic of tobacco use among girls is increasing in some countries and regions.
In half of the 151 countries recently surveyed for trends in tobacco use among young people, approximately as many girls used tobacco as boys. More girls used tobacco than boys in some of the countries, including Bulgaria, Chile, Colombia, Cook Islands, Croatia, Czech Republic, Mexico, New Zealand, Nigeria and Uruguay.
Women are a major target for the tobacco industry in its effort to recruit new users to replace those who will quit or die prematurely from tobacco-related diseases. The leading preventable cause of death, tobacco use kills more than five million people every year, about 1.5 million of whom are women.
“We know that tobacco advertising increasingly targets girls,” said WHO Assistant Director-General for Non-communicable Diseases and Mental Health Dr Ala Alwan.
“This campaign calls attention to the tobacco industry’s attempts to market its deadly products by associating tobacco use with beauty and liberation.”
Often the threat to women is less from their being enticed to smoke or chew tobacco than from their being exposed to the smoke of others, particularly men.
Worldwide, of the approximately 430,000 adult deaths caused per year by second-hand smoke, about 64% are among women. Pregnant women, as well as their babies, are also vulnerable to the harms of second-hand smoke.
“By enforcing the WHO Framework Convention, governments can reduce the toll of fatal and crippling heart attacks, strokes, cancers and respiratory diseases that have become increasingly prevalent among women,” says Dr Douglas Bettcher, Director of WHO’s Tobacco Free Initiative.
WHO calls on governments and the public to demand a ban on all forms of tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship; to support implementation and strong enforcement of legislation to provide 100% protection from tobacco smoke in all public and work places; and to take global action to advocate for women’s freedom from tobacco.
The international launch of World No Tobacco Day 2010 will take place on 31 May in Tokyo, Japan.
The launch will begin at 10:00 a.m. (Tokyo time) with a press conference at the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare.
A symposium about the theme of World No Tobacco Day 2010 will begin at 2:30 p.m. (Tokyo time) at the National Cancer Centre, which is an official WHO Collaborating Centre.
A new WHO monograph, “Women, Tobacco and the Tobacco Epidemic”, will be presented there.
About 200 million of the world’s one billion smokers are women. The tobacco industry aggressively targets women in order to increase its consumer base and to replace those consumers who quit or who die prematurely from cancer, heart attack, stroke, emphysema or other tobacco-related disease.
Girls and boys start using tobacco for different reasons, and tobacco use harms women and men differently.
Approximately 1.5 million women die every year from tobacco use. Understanding and controlling the tobacco epidemic among women is an important part of any tobacco control strategy.
World No Tobacco Day 2010 focuses on the harm that tobacco marketing and smoke do to women. At the same time, it seeks to make men more aware of their responsibility to avoid smoking around the women with whom they live and work.
Tobacco use is one of the biggest public health threats the world has ever faced. It kills more than five million people a year – an average of one person every six seconds – and accounts for one in 10 adult deaths. Up to half of current users will eventually die of a tobacco-related disease.
More than 80% of the one billion smokers worldwide live in low- and middle-income countries, where the burden of tobacco-related illness and death is heaviest.
Tobacco users who die prematurely deprive their families of income, raise the cost of health care and hinder economic development.
In some countries, children from poor households are frequently employed in tobacco farming to provide family income.
These children are especially vulnerable to “green tobacco sickness”, which is caused by the nicotine that is absorbed through the skin from the handling of wet tobacco leaves.